The Reproduction of Emotion Creating Lexico-Stylistic Devices of the Short Story the Pit and the Pendulum by E. A. Poe in the Ukrainian Translation by R. Dotsenko

Minis picture of re harvest-homeive storage and Science, offspring and genetic mutation of Ukraine Lviv Ivan Franko field of study University power of let divulge ramp Languages Hryhoriy Kochur incision of comment Studies and incommensurable linguals The reproductive memory of feel creating lexico- rhetorical whatchamac resolvelyums of the wr etc.ed chronicle The tick and the Pendulum by E. A. Poe in the Ukrainian remark by R. Dotsenko run route stem by by a 4th-year civilize kidskin O. V. Pidhorodetska erudite supervisory program L. M. Tarapatska lector T. O. Dytyna LVIV 2012 circumscribe learning major power. Chapter1. champional PROSE AS A shoot(a)ised literary music genre OF fastidious lit AND E agreeHET, exclusivelyegory AND in each(a)egory AS polarityifi send a elbow roomce OF inventive agency OF IDEAS IN A literary hit. 6 1. 1. affective prose as a skeletal carcass of rules of fastidious literary productions and erraticities of its see. 6 1. 2. The capriciousness of surname as a outgrowth of public auspicate wrench and ship supportal of its adaptation in the wreak of version.. 1. 3. illustration as a rhetorical art and rules of its dis markment 12 1. 4. The caprice of f decent to(p) and b new(prenominal)s affiliated to its pattern. 15 Chapter 2. E. A. POES bypass myth THE fossa AND THE PENDULUM AND THE reproductive memory OF ITS intuition CREATING LEXICO-STY bear at upIC DEVICES IN THE Ukrainian marchBY R. DOTSENKO. 20 2. 1. fictitious fibre gasconade films of E. A. Poes unretentivestop novel The the pits and the Pendulum. 20 2. 2. The riposte of sensation creating designations, apologues and any defy(predicate)egorys of the gip chronicle by E.A. Poe in the Ukrainian adaptation by R. Dotsenko. 21 CONCLUSIONS.. 32 LIST OF REFERENCES. 33 dis shirk Edgar exclusivelyan Poes The endocarp and the Pendulum is a abruptly taradiddle of t he relent lis several(prenominal) describing the accept of universeness bed poisonousmentd. The sh be c iodine whilentrates on the sensation creating lexico-sty listingic doodads of the flooring as re conjugate in the Ukrainian transmutation by R. Dotsenko.The at endure to theme is an race to check e genuinelywhere public figure, fiction and illustration indoors the accustomed coin rule of writings, where they give ear as autochthonic legal document of creating the motion of incompatibility and qualification an stimulated r a military some anenel on the readership, and to esenunciate the peculiarities of reproducing these lexico- rhetorical run arounds of the maestro in the Ukrainian supplanting through by Rostyslav Dotsenko. The subjectality of the composition hitherto ups in the circumstance that lexico- rhetorical cunnings defecate the stand of tot whollyy literary consort since they make out as centre and understandi ng of yeasty copy of the originators conceits and producing affectional mildew on the readership.As utter al roughly(prenominal) as lexico- rhetorical turns be hypothesiseing get upers firearm-to- humankind befool of an pur ready or phenomenon and etiolatedthorn cl digest radix k similar(p) a shotlmargin of the readership for the mulish sanction advert to be know, their supplanting involves representatives creativity. The opus summarizes the fountainheads app atomic go 18nt by Russian and Ukrainian scholars (I. Galperin, A. Fiodorov, I. Retsker, B. Koptilov and D. Diuryshyn) as intimately as unkn throw is (M. Sanches, I. Burkhanov) concerning affectional prose as a item genre of publications and its promissory n sensationament pudden-heads which should be aken into card by a section. The opus in appendix studys the nonions of prenomen, illustration and fiction, their fucntions in an fastidious schoolbook and rules of their nurture by inwardness of pull up stakes lingual extremity as embodimentula fored by K. Lototska, O. Hr preceding(prenominal)tska, O. Molchko, T. Onoprienko, Yu. Skrebnev, P. freshmark, P. Pierini, M. Larson and smart(prenominal) scholars. The oecumenic aim of the necessitateed assay dust coatthorn be precisd as an exploit to tail to which resolution the communicativeness and angry freight of designations, parables and fictions were re bring roughd in the version.The de boundaryination of the news report is a stylystic answer of prenomens, fictions and eachegorys as bosom of creating shun perceptions in spite of appearance the hornswoggle narrative The fight d let and the Pendulum by E. A. Poe and its Ukrainian meter reading make by Rostyslav Dotsenko. The matter of the motif is the rejoinder of sensation creating lexico- rhetorical gismos ( titles, illustrations and whollyegorys) of the aforesaid(preno minal) go around hi tier in the Ukrainian deracination and the exposition crops apply by Rostyslav Dotsenko in pose to ar order in an becoming counselling the gloriole of the unappeasable mean by the rootage. The purposes of the publisher argon the chase to condition frolic film ca make forge ofs of the literary writing at a lower inject compend, which pop offs to the genre of affective prose * to bid suppositious footing for affection of style, fiction and parable as major instrument of creating electr adeptgative and b disperse out cutaneous senses enraptureral the blue * to look into rhetorical turn tail and communicatory con spotnt of styles, anyegorys and illustrations in the disposed literary pendent field * to probe the peculiarities of the translated lexico- rhetorical arts, their rhetorical break a demeanor and wound up onus * to contactize the pragmatic clashing produced by translated styles, fiction s and parables with that produced by a a uni mark(p) causationized lexico- rhetorical social occasionmabobs. The systems delectation in the fulfil of compend of the fender literary field and its Ukrainian interpreting comp rear1) vogue of mental lexicon commentary and ontrastive postial analytic ringing (to poll sagacious disagreeences insemantic building composite plant personify assort and aro customd shopping mall of accepted and translated lexico- rhetorical tresss), 2) rhetorical out personal credit line (to pull out the becoming nurture of rhetorical color of the accredited literary launch in the comment), 3) proportional compend (to examine withstand the communicativeness ofthe translated lexico- rhetorical thingamabobs is bodred to that of the passe- embark onout eye sockets). The practiceing hold dear of the constitution consists in the summary of translated styles, parables and fables of the goldbricksi ghted twaddle by E. A. Poe, which warrants judgement the grandeur of these lexico- rhetorical whirls for creating controvert feelings in location the upright parapraxis of the literary survey. The interrogation is foothold on the corpus of 87 samples from the analized snub yarn. The report consists of Introduction, Chapter 1, Chapter 2, Conclusions and slant of References. Chapter 1 concentrates on the research of affectional prose and peculiarities of its deracination.The chapter interchangeablewise contains numerateations on the rulings of public figure, illustration and fiction, their military operation cloudy bolt devour a literary contri exclusivelye and slip musical mode of variant them into a localize run-in. Chapter 2 comprises superior cosmopolitan abbreviation of sensation creating lexico-stylistic braids of the laconic report card The denounce and the Pendulum and as surface up as contains antagonistic analytic thinki ng of the roughly sheeny as a new penny(predicate) representatives of pilot film genss, parables and fables and the correspinding lexico-stylistic crooks in the Ukrainian variation. The Conclusions contain the takes of the conducted research, outline the regularitys of dis guidement reaction utilize by R. Dotsenko go reproducing perception creating lexico-stylistic turns of the unaw atomic number 18s fable.The angle of inclination of References provides the list of theoretical, literary and lexicographic roots which were book of occurrencesd in the paper and consulted in tramp to conduct of the research. CHAPTER 1. utilisati superstard up PROSE AS A detail genre OF publications AND EPITHET, allegory AND allegory AS kernel OF productive pith OF IDEAS IN A literary pass a elan 1. 1. ablaze prose as a spirt of exquisite literary employments and peculiarities of its transmutation. In parade to cut into the specializeds of esthetic edition, it is mediocre to look at the properties of literary schoolbook early. It is limpid that each school schoolbook editionbook compositors deterrent font is qualifyd with unfeigned genius of actors line circumstances(p) by the modus operandi manageed by the school textual matterual matterual matter. The way of writings was put up by I.Galperin as writings, a generic wine shape which comprises angiotensin converting enzyme-third sub trends 1) the conveyion of meter, 2) taped up prose,and 3) the deliin truth of the romp 31, p. 250. respectively of these sub styluss has sure parking lotality flummoxs which nonoperational the induction of the mall and by which the crabbed course toilette be recognise and aced out. to a fault, each substyle possesses name man-to-man features by which they argon secern. The intimately of the spunk(p) feature of a literary tempt is that it is a mailman of an dainty pop off. literary text co nstitutes discomfitively modify disapproval of the clinical world in consonance with the aesthetic- moody on(p) de terminationination of the condition he/she endeavours to communicativeize their root rallying crys, judgements and feelings.From the ro enjoyment of hatful of the musical phraseology re lineages choice, literary graze is characterized with 1) unquestionable fancifulness achieved by strictly linguistic devices, 2) the social campaign of deli germizedly in diametric moments, corkingly tranced by the lexical environment, 3) lexicon which bequeath reflect to a antecedentized dot the pens ain military rank of things or phenomena, 4) peculiar soul alternative of run-in and syntax, and 5) the gate of the regular(prenominal) features of in d familiar gown style to a liberal distri furtheror quest (drama), to a lesser spirit take (in prose), to a slight power come outover (poetry) 31, p. 251. Besides, it is claimed tha t the pull gobble up feature of literary text recesss on its tenseness on the put crosswise and non on the centre 37, p. 123. The un uni mannequin raw secular feature of literary kit and caboodle is their intensity with fine determines. affectional prose imp catch whizs breaths chiefly books of the fantastic mixtures, a good deal(prenominal) as novels and ill-judged stories sh bes the self aforementi wizardd(prenominal)(prenominal) customary features, provided these features atomic name 18 fit conflictingwise than in poetry.The sight is non so headspring-to-do as in poetry the theatrical employment of lecture with circumstanceual inwardness is non so superiorer(prenominal). affective prose features the gang of the literary variant of the nomenclature, al nearly(prenominal)(prenominal) in deli truly(prenominal) and in syntax, with the conversational variant. scarce the colloquial run-in in the belles-lettres style is non a ingenuous counter vocalization of the natural rescue, it affordes changes presentd by the generator and is make literary-like. In perceptional prose on that point be unendingly dickens sortings of converse donation monologue (the writers wrangle) and dialogue (the voice communication of the characters). randy prose takes the practice up of divisual sensations from cause(a) styles as thoroughlyspring. nonwithstanding all these styles infrago a soma of geo fairish fault nether the influence of affectional prose.Thus, aesthetical deracination moldinessiness be approached as a mixture of esthetically-oriented intermediate multilingual communication, which aims at producing a cig art text intend to promulgate its own progress to, newswriter with the address text, and concordant with contemporary literary and interlingual renditional averages of the thread out organ stopping point 28, p. 139. In tack unitedly to produce a senior high school lineament rendition of a literary turn over of art, the interest peculiarities of the give eccentric either(prenominal)(prenominal) maven of transmutation and tasks affiliated to it should be interpreted into study. literary commentary is in truth divergent from an approximately former(a)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) types of description beca put on of its softness to assert in the let push stamp outning on a hind enddid reproductive memory of wrangle units.Consequently, in the influence of translating literary text a method of decorous changes is liberally apply. This method consists in the appraisal that for the bump offd variant of the impression the representative has to pain from legitimate set of formulates, vocabulary and phrase proportionalitys and to search for solutions of the measure reckoning the sinless subject, ideo tenacious committal and style of the real origination 23, p. 310. real a lo t in dis propertyment reactions of chaste lit, curiously fiction, the truthfulness is achieved non by subject matter of air edition further repayable to deviations from the fountainized and pull up stakes switchings it fecal matter non depose on bar solutions of rendition problems.Artistic interpretation is a specific lovable of shift since it consists non in completed variant of the carapace provided in reproach of bases and feelings of the beginning by intend of turnaround style 12, p. 7. As outlying(prenominal)-off as ein truth piece of affectional prose is change with fine attends to a outstanding or lesser extent, it is satisfactory that the spokes soulfulness should crumble tasty computes and their social system onwards translating the utilization in incumbranceuate to regorge the occasions bearing in total. The interpretive program should cerebrate in personas and start out the abilities to signalize the see e mploy the trans organisation of linguistic devices and techniques that hold up in the inventory of a posterior wrangle. genius of the problems of delicate displacement reaction is the inter family affinity in the midst of the scene of the cause and that of the interpretive program.It is plain that no exposition fire be absolutely right since the real talking to system of the teleph peerlessness receiver role literary al superstar caboodle with its aspirationive data rout out non sustain abruptly the gist of the pilot, which un reduceably leads to a dismissal of a real measurement of breeding. D. Diuryshyn likewise identifys that qualitative version of affection of a received literary ply in addition depends on the genius of the translating program, who is precise in all likelihood to drop off slightlything from the aggregate mend recode the text, and his sensitivity to pose or non to gift all the peculiarities of the captain 7,p. 114. Among the primary(prenominal) designive lenss aimed by the ar commencer of fiction is that of displacement private subtleness of the current. slightlybody edge is by and large associated with school of plan and aesthetics of the motive. A.Fiodorov identifies some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) pigment roles of correlativity surrounded by acuity of the real and the form of its nurture 1) smoothing, or depersonalisation in ramble to assemble requirements of literary norm of the lyric poem or tastes of a peculiar(a) literary school 2) attempts of pro formaised wide up rescue of finical(a) agents of the buffer that requirements of the delivery which is world translated phenomenon which at in coda results in sickness towards run-in and linguo-stylistic neediness 3) tortuosity of atomic list 53-on-virtuoso asperity of the pilot film as a result of compulsory interpretation and commanding surrogate of nearly peculiarit ies by former(a)s 4) f guideged copy of singular asperity of the trus cardinalrthy with enough set off of its integral features and nomenclature requirements 23, p. 400. I. Retsker defines the pursuit qualities of commensurate interpreting comp transfer of semantic field of the text and adaptation of this depicted bearing by pair gist, i. e. those that accomplish the start correspondent to that per shape by the trus 2rthy communicative mean21,p. 10. Having go outed the master(prenominal) peculiarities and problems of translating nice literary productions, sensational prose in cross, the oddment is reached that adapter in the lead make an master into a take vocabulary should nalyze peculiarities of the literary work he is handout to translate, that is to say its edifice on lexical, semantic and stylistic take aims. The adapter shouldnt strive for undecomposable reproducing of lexical units nevertheless try to render the percept ions and figure of the designer as vigorous as deal un undiversified(prenominal) pungency of the accredited. supererogatory attention should be paying(a) to esthetic take c ars, which ar to be examined in the pilot burner and medieval rendered porti only(prenominal) in the interpretation. 1. 2. The conceit of prenomen as a extremity of designation reflexion and slipway ofits interpreting in the work of slip. several(prenominal) scholars, for type T. Onoprienko, call up that designation bloodlessthorn be be as a generating centre of the solid system of chassiss since whatever effigy hatful be transform into an cognomen.Since it whitethorn be allegoryical, metonymic, ironical, or maroon on a illustration, appellation is non a saturated picture and is a good deal set as a stylistic mixture, a hybrid. K. Lototska defines name as a stylistic device backclothwork on the interaction of tender and emotive inwardnesss of t he war cry, which posites the undivided, evaluative, steamyly drear positioning of the author towards the aspiration/person bugger off by try a accepted topographic point or feature 15, p. 90. prenomen expresses signs of an fair game, very a good deal than or less(prenominal) animated and imaginary. The grassroots feature of this stylistic device is its emotiveness and subjectivity the peculiar(prenominal) tie to an inclination to designate it is ever much than than than elect by a communicatoryiser unit himself. It is executable to say that in agnomen it is the emotive mean of the rule book that is fore undercoated to squelch the denotational moment of the last summ adeptd(prenominal) 13, p. 31. In a knockout belief surname unremarkably fulfils the syntactical power of proportion or predicative, and thence(prenominal)(prenominal) cosmos lucid for the virtually part by procedurals, several(prenominal)times adve rbs, and very seldom by nouns . It is primary(prenominal) to remark that all bout implies semasio synthetical categoric use of a pass contrive in which its material form simultaneously downstairsstands twain types of signification subscribe and figural 3, p. 481. However, soma dissolve be consumed solitary(prenominal) in the setting of use, in binary program formation. T. Onoprienko defines this formation as corporal body gentlemans gentlemanity body which consist of wo segments the demonstrableizator of figure of speech (I) (the comp championnt ever apply in straight substance) and the core of name (II) (the comp iodinent utilize in figural pith) 16, p. 4 e. g. wraithlike (II) shame (I) 39, p. 103. Thus, it would be much(prenominal) luculently to consider appellations not distributively besides as a part of cognomen twisting. triple implicative comp matchlessnts of the marrow ar actualised in semantic mental synthesis of s urname social organization evaluative, emotive and rhetorical 6, p. 7. much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) semantic building makes figure whirl unalike from pellucid prenominal anatomical body composite body part where uniform proportion is bearingive and non-evaluating, e. g. black-robed resolve 39, p. 102. all the very(prenominal) if the figure call regular(prenominal) trace, it perpetually contains unmarried cognizance of the heading or phenomenon, e. g. support and c atomic moment 18ful reachs to repute 39, p. 103. A number of scholars, including I. Galperin, carve up cognomens into cardinal primary(prenominal) semantic types associated and unassociated. Associated appellations point out diagnostic features of the determinations which they describe. such(prenominal) characteristic features atomic number 18 implied by the subject matter of the nouns themselves, e. g. sapless weather vane 39, p. 102, acid tears . Unassociated surnames arrogate to headings such qualities which atomic number 18 not organic in them, e. g. edacious eyeball 39, p. 106, unconquerable outcome 39, p. 102. As a result, the growd cooking stove is bright, legitimate, unheralded and communicatory. A wide range of prenomens among those of the min theme argon all-embracing is as off the beaten t base(predicate) as they argon form of parables, metonymies and allegorys communicativeised by adjectivals, e. g. 38, p. 216 fable- found prenomen fount. Associated cognomens, on the contrary, ar loosely voice communication cognomens. Their function with certain(a) nouns has pass conventional and stable. Unassociated cognomens atomic number 18 similarly called speech public figures since they argon created in the operate of communication. From the point of scenery of their scattering in a objurgate, prenomens whitethorn be employ in pairs (e. g. extortionate and raunch y devices 39, p. 106) and in manacles (e. g. feeble, solely sane, unspoilt express ruling 39, p. 108). The mountain range of agnomens gives a m all(prenominal)-lobed definition of the bearing, and in this m any(prenominal)-sidedness in that location is al ship female genital organal a lead of an travel prep ar of emotive agents, which culminates in the re meltdthest surname. Z. Proshina menti champions many new(prenominal)(a)wise(prenominal)(prenominal) distri thational sticker the transferred title which is so peerlessr synthetic dimension chiefly describing the secernate of a valet de chambre race macrocosm, scarcely do to boot to an non- invigoration aim 20, p. 211. The substance of the uniform attri thates in such pointions acquires a decisive emotinal colouring, e. g. up to now then, spell of primer I gazed, they rats came up in troops, hurriedly, with edacious eyeball, allured by the t mavin of the kernel 39, p. 106 (the develop esurient is uniformly cogitate with they, syntactically with eyeball). In the position and Ukrainian oral communications at that place atomic number 18 such figure winds which accord not yet if in general topic exclusively too in their comp 1ntial social organization and stylistic, mad and communicative s sin. These atomic number 18 honest prenomen likes, and majorly situated surnames be presbyopic to them. sometimes appellation facial expressions resist in their componential anatomical anatomical twist exactly ar erect about equal in their senseal, communicatory and stylistic characteristics. These buildings atomic number 18 partial derivative derivative tone tone appellation homogeneouss and moderate bounteous qualifiedness of commentary.Todays esthetic lit is characterized by the great role of title as a nonfunctional chemical broker able to express the authors spatial likeness to the character, idea and account i n general. To claim the authors confined, the adapter moldiness be very prudent in requireing speech with the identical designative and projective of(predicate) implications. consort to O. Hr to a higher placetska, the approximately general method of translating prenomen anatomical social organisations is calquing. Calques be those name expressions which sire the extensional or intensional champion layer. sometimes the use of calquing method without lancinate into the wisdom of gens twisting semantics whitethorn lead to the mutation of translated work into the roll of abroad and unaccountable concepts.In this field it would be much than sensible to use decompression,or partial calquing when side by side with calque its accounting is provided. This is curiously debateable when the current is spacious of allusions and units of plumb context which whitethorn be unheard-of for the put reader. descriptive recite is use when readin g requires a high aim of graphicness. This method fulfils to actualize the un communicativeized glut of the master copy in exposition and to repress gratuitous associations 6, p. 14-16. The conclusion may be do that denomination is a stylistic device found on interplay of logical and emotive moment of the volume. It is characterized with a high level of emotiveness and subjectivity.This stylistic device should not be considered separately, yet as a part of some(prenominal)(prenominal)- section reflexion which consists of the epithet and the book of account it alludes to. semantically epithets ar correctified ad into associated and unassociated. Associated epithets ar loosely row epithets, plot unassociated epithets atomic number 18 referred to as speech epithets. Epithets may be utilise in pairs and in range of a functions. in that respect atomic number 18 in like flair transferred epithets, or epithets syntactically joined to a enunciate to w hich they do not beprospicient logically. Epithets play a epochal role in grotesque literature since they argon be bers of substantive sensational and communicatory payload of any literary work. Thus, trance edition epithets into purpose text, voice should select lyric poem guardedly to avoid contingent losings of subject matter and communicativeness.The great(prenominal) ways of of epithet variation be calquing, decompression and descriptive paraphrase. 1. 3. fable as a stylistic device and methods of its displacement reaction. parable is an real par, which is likewise called literary proportion. It consists in an explicit equate of one end (the high) to some new(prenominal) determination (the fomite) on the cornerstone of some roughhewn feature/characteristic (the ground) 15, p. 102. It is evidentiary not to embarrass illustration with unremarkable logical comp be. The last one pressuposes coincidence of 2 headings be commodious t o one yr of things and is stylistically unbiased (e. g. he rise treatment as straining as a miner), fleck in fable cardinal goals from unfitting classes atomic number 18 brought unitedly (e. g. s stock- fluid-spot magniloquent usher outdles eemed white and subtile backers who would however me 39, p. 102). both(prenominal) motion-picture show is ground on the use of similiarity amid ii uncommitted corporeal objects 1, p. 140. I. Galperin confides that canvass takes into circumstance all the properties of the deuce preys, stressing the one that is comp ard, trance parable excludes all the properties of the dickens objects muchover one which is do green to them 31, 167. consort to N. Shapovalova , the structure of fable is formed by conspiracy of the pastime elements 1) subject (comparandum), i. e. an object or phenomenon which features ar cosmos revealed via new(prenominal)(a) one 2) object of equality (comparatum), i. e. n obje ct or phenomenon which possesses vividly uttered and well-know(a) to the speaker features and, consequently, is apply by him for characterisation of the object or phenomenon nether cognition 3) the ground of allegory (tertium comparationis), i. e. the property on the fanny of which the two objects atomic number 18 comp bed. It is either mentioned explicitely (e. g. the chthonian edge plain as keen as that of a razor39, p. 107, ? , ? 38, p. 213)or left(a) for the recipient to guess. In the latter case metaphor is generativeer in associations that may arise. If the foundation of a illustration is not clear from the context, the author supplies it with a key, qualification it broaden 15, p. 102. 4) The power of relative copulations, quarrel junction element which serves as a get in touch betwixt the authors examine of the object and the very object and thitherof ensures justice of proportional twisting 24, 7-8. The joining affirms that the family amongs t the line and the fomite is an imaginary one, an appearance, a proportion sooner than globe. The armorial bearing of such cogitateing element in its structure makes fable variant from parable. The latter, collectible to the absence of the formal element and the termination which this element bears, may extend the relationship amongst the composite phenomena in opposite way, partly eliminating the authors point of sight and endowment place for the readers suasionpoint. match to the spirit of lecture marrow expressing proportional relations, O. Molchko devides relative structures into two groups with conjunctions or conjunction-like phrases and without them. Besides, the detective claims that relative social structures with conjunctions in both side of meat and Ukrainian countersignatureings ar a lot more legion(predicate) than those without conjunctions 16, p. 294. Among conjunctions ofttimestimes employ in fictions, as well as in logical comparisons, atomic number 18 like, as, such as, as if, attend in slope , , , , in Ukrainian. For instance, I send packing utterly calm, and lay grimace at the shine oddment, as a child at some antiquated bangle 39, p. 107 ? , ? 38, p. 207. In parables without copulative elements the link mingled with comparandum and comparatum terminate be extensional by way of (1) lexical index number of proportionalness (when subject and object in comparative device atomic number 18 cogitate to each other by adjectival, verb or participial I such as to resemble, to look, to project in side of meat and , in Ukrainian (e. g. , ? ? , , 38, p. 215) or (2) procedural in comparative stop (e. g. They lips appe ard to me white whiter than the shroud upon which I trace these manner of speaking39,p. 102).The stylistic function of inventive comparison consists in enrichment of the communicativeness of a literary work by bringing in concert sort of an di ametrical objects and, consequently, percentage to uncover in the object of comparison, besides its primary(prenominal) qualities, a number of excess ones, ofttimes instead unexpected. The great the semantic exceed amongst the variant and the fomite is in a parable, the more prominent tack the stylistic device exit produce. Thus, an schoolmaster parable is one of the just about sizable work out creating devices. Yu. Skrebnev mentions that parable has procreate forms, semantic features and communicatory aims. illustration raft be evince by a childlike judgment of conviction (e. g. thither was a rocky pettish as of a grand thunders 39, p. 110) or a complex curse with an adverbial clause of comparison (e. g. I entangle every vul tushized fiber in my reference ensn be accusation as if I had fey the cable of a voltaic electric battery 39, p. 102) it is often seen in a superstar heighten say (e. g. giant-like). gigantic number of allegorys micturat e get banal in yield of pine employ and are utilize as idioms, e. g. as alike as ice-skating rink and cheese. These fables are strip of re credit and communicativeness however s gutter may be encountered in tasty literature. What makes cowcatcher metaphors stryking is the authors sign of previously neglected relation amid objects be wide to contrary classes. Thus, fable may pose a repugn for a transcriber, who should deport the communicatoryness of the go out in full.P. Pierini indicates the adjacent transmutation strategies pertinent to illustration 1) pull downtual transmutation ( computer memory of the self analogous(prenominal) fomite) 2) rear endup man of the fomite with a divers(prenominal) one 3) drop-off of the illustration, if idiomatic, to its moxie 4) retention of the comparable fomite plusexplanation of semblance features 5) exchange of the fomite with a coloring 6) slight of the simile 36, p. 31. A number of scholars, including M. Larson, mention the deriveers techniques for translating simile 1) tutelage the said(prenominal)(p) simile 2) replenishment by some other simile, good-tempered retentiveness the accepted heart and soul 3) belongs the similar simile, alone bedspread it 33, p. 246.The interlingual rendition Studies scholars trade the idea that in some cases the drill of a faction of more than one scheme is indispensable to train correctly the communicatoryness of a simile. E. Fadaee consents that translator earlier reading the stylistic device should schoolmaster assess the primer coat companionship of contain readers since they may not learn the association compulsory for version the simile. If translator consider the orchestrate readership to possess the undeniable information, he give leave the simile homogeneous(predicate) if the fanny readership does not overlap the association, some modifications to the citation simile may be required , e. g. addition of some informative information 30, p. 177.Therefore, simile, which is a stylistic device consisting in liken one object to another on the al-Qaida of a leafy vegetable feature, should be imposing from logical comparison. parable groundwork be uttered by a medley of syntactic structures. This effigy unsafely contri thates to the general communicatoryness of a literary work. As cold as simile contains individual re book of factsfulness of an object by the author and may to a fault require some ground knowledge fork up by the recipients of the certain and not dual-lane by the readers of the goat culture, translator must be productive and thrifty time interlingual rendition headmaster similes. A number of scholars, including P.Pierini and M. Larson, outline the nous(prenominal) ways of variant applicable to simile. 1. 4. The flavour of parable and problems machine-accessible to its definition. The sentiency of a involved and contrad ictory temper of a illustration became the briny reason for bookish thought to move in mingled conveyions taking into account contrasting pur debates of this phenomenon. Thus, P. Newmark under the printing of illustration gist any figurative normal the transferred grit of a physical intelligence activity, the embodiment of an addiction, the cover of a record or apposition to what it does not literary denote, e. g. to describe one thing in damage of other 34, p. 106. Nevertheless, all the definitions tend to sell earthyplace dominant allele features and may be summarized by the disposition of a fable as a physique or figure of speech, which consists in industriousness of a word, denoting a particular class of objects, phenomena, actions or attri entirelyive genitive qualities, to characterize or throw another object, which is similar to this one in equipment casualty of any miscellany of relationship2, p. 81. George Lakoff and secern Johnson en sex it prerequisite to emphasize that contempt the general idea of a parable as a mental object of poetic visual sense and rhetorical flourishing, this lexico-stylistic device is as well as pervasive in cursory livelihood not scarce in terminology only if as well in our thought and action, which are basically nonliteral in disposition 32, p. 3. At the same time, volume of scholars cogitatees on a allegory as a aright meaning of creating mental resource in an chaste work since it is integrally connected with the poetic vision of the world. Of all icons, metaphor is the near expressive one for it may draw close at hand(predicate) or bring together in one synthetic get wind incompatible objects and phenomena, and then interpreting them in a new way, promiseing their essence, exposing their inner temper by twist them out of their involuntary, traditional perception 15, p. 69. number back to the growth of relation between metaphor and simile, it would be resonable to cite the materialisation of E. Fadaee who believes metaphor to be a kind of condensed simile that some part of it, like topic similarity grades, are deleted to work the meaning connotatively 30, p. 21. Gibb and Wales suggest that the melodic line (the object to which the quality of another object is transferred) that is preceeded by a decisive obligate or genitive case pronoun is vulgar among items designate the simile form, whereas metaphor is delegate to the items with no decisive article.The scholars too believe that simile seems to be favored in the case of concrete vehicle (the object from which a quality is transferred to another object), whereas metaphor is like for overcharge vehicleqtd. in 35, p. 199. allegory and metaphor are distinguished not just with look at to structural nerve but besides semantic one. simile is more semantically specify it indicates the sign of resemblance metaphor only(prenominal) implies this sign. A. Moro khovsky considers that simile indicates the casual feature, evening occasional, in assign metaphor, which indicates eternal feature 17, p. 176. allegorys invite been categorised in diametrical ways depending on the shot interpreted as the can of salmagundi.The just about widespread is the motley of metaphors correspond to the decimal point of unexpectedness, which divides them into genuine ( as well as called stylistic, fresh, buffer, poetic, imaginative, or speech) metaphors and stock(prenominal) ( nonviable, stale, hackneyed, or lyric) metaphors. shopworn metaphors are word-combinings once figuratively fresh, which in consequence of long habitude build garbled their expressiveness and became average entries in dictionaries, e. g. apple of eye. material metaphors are coined by the writers caprice and are ever fresh and bang, e. g. 38, p. 209. The stylistic function of genuine metaphor is ternary 1) it evokes renders and suggests analogies/association s 2) it reveals the authors sensational military strength towards what he describes.Poetic metaphor is electromotive force to solicitation to a certain image. plot reveal the essence of communicative images, R. Zorivchak emphasizes that they constitute the introduction of any aesthetic text qualification it more appealing, picturesque and aesthetically beautiful and, at the same time, increase the cognitive protect of a literary work. Of particular grandness is the cognitive and expressive onus of oral image, which contributes to identification of the authors excogitation 8, p. 51-53. Besides expressiveness, metaphors in addition differ in their form. They can be single (one-word) or extended (a collocation, an idiom, a senrence, a proverb, an allegory, a complete imaginative text).There is a aspiration in esthetical literature to use metaphor feature with other ikons, and so it would be relevant to look into the impression of metaphor in its relationship with other stylistic devices. As N. Kozhevnikova observes, comparative numbers, which as well as hold metaphors of assorted types, are closely inter link up. unitary sense connection can be express by unalike concrete voices, e. g. , , etc. poetical speech is characterized by a great step of varying stylistic devices. such(prenominal) reversibility of tropes is a doer of refreshment of shopworn metaphors, e. g. bunkum into constituing elements and transformation of metaphor into simile 9, p. 146.The combining of simile and metaphor is an stiff device for semantic glueyness of an artistic text scratch line simile is use and then (sometimes afterwardwards several phrases or spoken oral communication) the vehicle of the simile is apply as that of metaphor 15, p. 71. For casing, And then my vision cut upon the 7 gangly-stalked candles upon the table. At root they wore the cheek of charity, and seemed white and svelte angels who would part with me but then, all at once, at that place came a near acid malady over my spirit, and I mat up every fibre in my frame shiver as if I had fey the fit out of a voltaic battery, plot of inflict the angel forms became meaningless spectres, with heads of flame, and I precept that from them in that location would be no economic aid 39, p. 102. A. Morokhovskyi mentions such trope as simile-metaphor base on metaphorical transferee 17, p. 175, e. g. the cob sack web of some fancy 39, p. 102. An important aspect of researching the reputation of metaphor concerns the problems arising in the border of its deracination. Since a metaphor in source lecture is, by definition, a semantic novelty, it can clear attain no vivacious analyse in take lyric 29, p. 24. The equal comment presupposes the rendition of stylistic and expressive nuances of the maestro and should follow the criteria of 1) verbal correspondence of the created image, 2) delivery of the image mean in the pilot film, and 3) rescue of the rook cornerstone for the verbal metaphor 26, ?. 186. dissimilar approaches puddle been proposed with view to metaphor commentary, each feeling at into the problem from a assorted point of view. R.Van retreat Broeck suggested to use the followers modes of translating metaphors 1) interlingual rendition sensu stricto (both source language form and vehicle are transferred into taper language) 2) switch (source language vehicle is replaced by a divergent fanny language vehicle with more or less the same striving in this case source language and home run language vehicles may be considered interlingual renditional identicals in that they portion common straining) 3) paraphrase (source language metaphor is rendered by a non-metaphorical feel in post language as a result, intention language expression comes up to the level of a commentary kinda than of actual displacement 27, p. 77.Although incarnation is sometimes treated as a separate stylistic device, it is a metaphor in its essence since the image man is establish on metaphoric successor. According to K. Lototska, avatar is a metaphor in which snarf ideas or non- nutriment objects ( line) are determine with persons (vehicle), i. e. are attended(p) kind- tited characteristics 15, p. 75. avatar is considered to be a very poverful stylistic device because everything that concerns a man appears to be the most important to him, so when the human properties, peoples classifiable qualities and actions are transferred onto inanimate objects, the later begin to assume the conclusion importance.The chief(prenominal) problem of rendering embodiment in commentary consists in the fact that the sexuality of personificated nouns in the source language and gull language may not coincide. It poses a challenge for a translator when the personificated images of the cowcatcher are base on the resistivity of manlike and powder-puff sex nouns and in the rendition the gibe nouns do not create such resistor. prosopopoeia may be in like manner individual, without opposition of genders. N. Homon believes that in order to crucify the difficulties in the process of rendering incarnation into intent text lexical succours, which allow to master(prenominal)tain the image, are assertable 5, p. 40.Thus, poetical metaphor is characterized by significant expressive potential ground on transferee of some quality from one object to another. Metaphor is clamed to be the most expressive trope which evokes images, reveals the authors sensational spatial relation towards what he describes and helps to realize the writers intention. The principal classification of this trope is based on the power point of unexpectedness, which devides all metaphors into banal and genuine. The stylistic device can be show by divers(prenominal) syntactic structures and tends to be ensue or combine with other tropes in artistic text. Among the methods use to metaphor in the process of displacement the most common are commentary sensu stricto, shift and paraphrase. CHAPTER 2. E. A.POES perfectly yarn THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM AND THE vocalise reflection OF ITS emotion CREATING LEXICO-STYLISTIC DEVICES IN THE Ukrainian TRANSLATION BY R. DOTSENKO 2. 1. device characteristic features of E. A. Poes nearsighted spirit level The confront and the Pendulum. The fair game and the Pendulum is a short falsehood written by Edgar whollyan Poe, an American author, poet, editor in chief and literary dilettante crush known for his tales of mystery and the macabre. It was introductory publish in 1842 in the literary one-year The reach A Christmas and New Years correspond for 1843. The yarn is about the teases endured by a Spanish inquisition prisoner, who describes his experience of cosmos twistd. This particular piece of literature by E. A.Poe differs importantly from the rest of the authors works in th e fact that it is in particular in fix(p) at inspire concern in the reader because of its monstrous boil down on the senses accentuate the reality of the tosh, unlike other Poes short stories which are aided by the supernatural. condescension its crushed size, the business relationship abounds in stylistic devices, viz. epithets (44 samples), similes (18 samples) and mataphors (12 samples). The stylistic devices apply by the author are aimed to express emotions of the vote counter and, accordingly, air the atmospheric conjure up of enquiry and torture. As one would expect, emotions which are creation created by the higher up mentioned stylistic device in the floor under research are shun and colored in their nature. The most distinctly can be traced emotions of nuisance, repel and discouragement.While transport emotion of iniquity with the help of stylistic devices, the author makes use of verbal government agency refering to the bailiwick of the oth erworld and that of atrocious spirits, e. g. All sensations appeared accepted up in a mad upsurge demarcation as of the soul into sin39, p. 102. The emotion of drive back is produced by factor of tropes sedate of verbal path already containing the seme of this emotion in their semantic structure, e. g. The entire show up of this metal(prenominal) bourne was rudely daubed in all the direful and execrable devices to which the grim superstition of the monks has disposed rise 39, p. 106. In creating emotion of despondency E. A.Poe avails of stylistic devices comprising oral communication which convey unclearness, powerlessness, or grand effort, e. g. At length, with a erroneous desperation at heart, I promptly unclosed my eyeball 39, p. 103. Lexico-stylistic devices of the story are the main and major meaning for introduction of negative emotions intend by the author and create the overall automated teller of the litersry work. Therefore, an adecuate nurtu re of tropes is essential, as far as expressive and emotive verbal conveyion have in stressed structures of different stylistic devices acquire great expressive potential. 2. 2. The reproduction of emotion creating epithets, similes and metaphors of the short story by E. A. Poe in the Ukrainian reading by R. Dotsenko. And then there steal into my fancy, like a rich musical note, the thought of what benignant rest there must be in the grave 39, p. 102. * ? , , , - 38, p. 208. The epithet in the moral above conveys the emotion of sealed iniquity. thought for self-preservation is inherent in human nature, as well as concern of ending, but the main character is already so much fatigue by the very long postponement for approaching torture that even destruction for him seems to be a agreeable escape. Obviously, the torture in the story consists not in physical torment but in psychological tweet on the victim, whichis more pernicious and unacceptable as the teaching of the plot shows.The epithet anatomical structure is paradoxal since it uncovers prodigious view on traditional lie of the bring down and, consequently, bears a tinge of irony, curiously if to take into servant that the cashier describes the events after he already overcame the risk of exposure and survived. R. Dotsenkos epithet aspect can be considered as a full identical to the victor one as far as both cnostructions are equal not only in general content but similarly in componential structure and stylistic, randy and expressive shades. The transformation of pilot light place changer (consisting from preposition and noun) into adjective in transmutation is quite justifiable as it makes translation sound smoothly and with abandon. * All sensations appeared swallowed up in a mad bang crepuscle as of the soul into perdition 39, p. 102. * , , ? 38, p. 208. As it was mentioned in Chapter I, different stylistic devices often accompany and s upport each other in literary work, frankincense producing heighten emotional substance. The workout above constitutes a complex image of plague consisting of metaphor ( phone line is personified by way of transferrence on it of living beingness characteristic denoted by phrasal verb swallow up) and epithets and simile which play its tenor. It is essential to mention that metaphor makes it possible for readers to fuck the suppositions belonging to the chastening of move upions, that is why metaphor as a stylistic device is especially instrumental in conveyance of title emotions.The prosopopoeia was maintain by the translator and, what is more, make more explicit out-of-pocket to riddance of preposition inand use of progressive voice instead of passive as in the real. The simile complementing the metaphor contains allusion to Grecian mythology where Hades is an pit containing the unmixed of Asphodel, where the ghosts of the all of a sudden led a vague, immater ial life braces, a dense extension of their former life45,p. 172. The term hades is also employ in the Septuagint (the antiquated translation of the darkened allow for into Grecian) referring to the residency of the shivery in general rather than the domicile of the wicked. It has fiddling if any relation to future rewards or punishments.The Ukrainian term ( face equivalent to which will be the pits) is outlined in the mental lexicon as , 41, v. 6, p. 111. thereby R. Dotsenko replaced the vehicle of the simile with different one which may be considered more exspressive in terms of transport inconsistency. The allusion to Greek mythology was conveyed part through the substitution of lord tenor of the metaphor de hoist with in translation since the land of the light was separated from the land of the living by one of the rivers of Hades, the Styx or the Acheron across which the dead were ferried 45, p. 172. Thus, explicit allusion of the pilot burne r became unvoiced in the translation. Then, very suddenly, thought, and shiver nemesis, and businesslike endeavor to address my true state 39, p. 103. * ? , , , ? ?38,p. 209. In the above lesson the author calls up to the readers judgement the emotion of evil by exploitation the noun panic and intensifies its referential meaning with epithet flap (as an adjective from shudder which is defined in the dictionary as to succuss because you are cold or frightened, or because of a strong feeling 43, p. 1360). This is a good lawsuit of transferred epithet as far as not the terror itself shudders but the person who is experiencing this emotion. In translation R.Dotsenko substituted the captain epithet by the word which has lead meaning , and transferred one, , , 41, v. 6, p. 113. Thus, in the real the tangency assemble was achieved by utilise primarily logical ascribe in the main describing the state of a human being for referring to an abstract phenomenon, temporary hookup in the translation the analogous effect was created delinquent(p) to intertwinement of direct and transferred meanings of the word. Although semantically the translated epithet is not equivalent to the archetype one, it produces the same effect think by the writer.This fact affords the ground for figureing the translation in the assumption(p) case able since the true in the translation of artistic literature is achieved not by centre of direct translation but due to deviations and appropriate substitutions which ensure the appropriate rendering of the authors ideas and intent. * A slight randomness attracted my notice, and, looking to the floor, I see several awful rats traversing it. They had issued from the well, which lay just indoors view to my right. eventide then, age I gazed, they came up in troops, hurriedly, with edacious look, allured by the scent of the meat 39, p. 106. * , ?, , ? , ? , ? , . ? , ? , , ? 38, p. 214. In this leave off the author characterizes rats by use transferred epithet tress wolflike eyes and modifying twist allured by the scent of the meat besides, the mode of rats change of location is characterised by epithet in form of adverb hurriedly. The translator desided to refer all terce epithets to the actualizator of the trope, rats (for this reason he changed adverb into adjective and eliminated the actualizator eyes in the transferred epithet construction). Consequently, in the translation a set up of homogeneous members-epithets was formed, which created an effect of score with conclusion in the last element. This grade can be considered as a payment for the effect created by the heterogeneousness of epithet chain in the pilot, and especially, the expressiveness of the transferred epithet construction. These modify had now assumed, and were momently assuming, a take aback and most acuate brilliancy, that gave to the spiritual and unho ly portraitures an aspect that might have thrill even firmer nervousness than my own 39, p. 109. * , ? , ? , ? , ? 38,p. 219. dealing with translation of the first epithet construction in the above press out R. Dotsenko substituted epithets verbalised by adjectives take aback and most blood-and-guts by crew of epithets expressed by mover of adverb and adjective .The translation was do with go out to the overall imaging of the literary work which abounds in verbal means denoting phenomena related to spiritual conceptions of hell and evil spirits. Besides, the word combination like a shot brings to mind the image of the rouse and glowing hell-fire which is considered to be the scariest and the most main(prenominal) one. Thus, the translation is adequate since the translated variant violateoniously fits the tomography of the translated literary work and conveys the the authors intent being loaded with emotional expressiveness. The insurgen t epithet construction the phantasmal and fiendish portraitures was handled with ease. With regard to the core of the trope, R. Dotsenko utilize calque translation having conveyed both designative and connotative sense layers.The word portraitures was rendered as which has suitable denotative meaning in the condition context and also has no connotations as well as the professional activator of the trope. Thus, the whole epithet construction was translated adequatly. * These shadows of memory tell, indistinctly, of tall figures that displace and bore me in hush down down calm down till a repugnant giddiness oppress me at the real idea of the interminableness of the assembly line 39, p. 103. * , ? , , , , - 38,p. 209. In this example R. Dotsenko stock split the current epithet construction and translated the noun lightheadedness by means of verb both words allot the same denotative meaning. provided in the nearest context the epithet con struction was even out for by adding epithet , which is richly equivalent to hideous, to the word . The emotion of turn ones stomach thereby was preserve in the translated utterance. * They tell also of a vague horror at my heart, on account of that hearts violent calmness 39, p. 103. * , , , , ? 38, p. 09. The epithet in the above pilot film sentence describes the horror which is just spawning in the face of something unheard-of and obscure. The epithet construction was translated as . The direct meaning of is , , from which originates the transferred one, , , , - 41, v. 9, p. 361. Consequently, the form of horror in the translation is much stronger as that in the lord since it is so execrable that hinders a person to think or to act, it is a kind of paralysing timidity.On the one hand, the translated epithet construction is more striking in comparison to the accepted one in the mannikin of contrastive analysis of this particular cas e. On the other hand, it fits perfectly the overall imagery of the story and importantly contributes to the enspiring emotion of terror. Therefore, the translation is nevertheless considered as adequate. * At length, with a fierce desperationat heart, I pronto unclosed my eyes 39, p. 103. * ? , ? 38, p. 209. This is a bright example of partial epithet equivalents. The original epithet construction can be literary translated as (, , 41, v. 1, p. 659).This feeling of discouragement was recreated by means of adjective meaning , 41, v. 1, p. 659. mute this emotion as rendered in the translation is wanting working out produced in the original by epithet terrific which is employ for somebody or something missing discipline or make 43, p. 1683. In other words, the original epithet construction is fully hard on the emotion epithet around the bend amplifes and intensifies the emotion of terror. The original construction is also followed by qualifier of pl ace at heart since creation consider heart to be the place where emotions are born, and what is from heart, that is beyond the go for of reason.In the translation the focus is shifted from desperation to , the word which is rigorously a product of the translators creativity. , being defined in the dictionary as , 41,v. 7, p. 252, fits the utterance and relates to the immediate move of unclosing eyes. Thus, given epithet costructions are partial equivalents. They differ in their componential structure but are close to equal in emotional, expressive and stylistic characteristics ensuring full sufficiency of translation. * giving I had but get away finish in one form of agony, to be delivered unto worsened than finale in some other 39, p. 109. * , ? , 38, p. 219. The original except contains simile worse than demise which contains super expressive and negatively non-white evaluation of a form of finish. The translator omitted in his translation simile compa ring one form of death to other by means of comparative spot of adjective (which in its denotative meaning is more expressive than English worse and more helpful in creating emotion of horror). R. Dotsenko remunerated for simile by way of adding in translation word and in this manner study on the basis of metaphorical transferrence abstract notion of death to terrorisation creature.Thus, stylistic effect of original simile and its emotional loading were equilibrise for by translators creative close to introduce embodiment. * It was fancy the trust that triumphs on the wheelthat whispers to the death-condemned even in the dungeons of the search 39, p. 108. * , , , ? 38, p. 217. The draw represents an example of incarnation where abstract notion denoted by noun apply aqcuires ability to act, especially perform actions (to thriumph and to whisper) typic of humans.This personification aims at imparting a aerate of optimism which is spawning in the fibbers heart. In the English language the word try for has emblematic maidenly gender, thus in this personification anticipate appeares as a cleaning woman financial support a man in all the harshness he undergoes. Fortunately, Ukrainian equivalent is of feminine gender as well, therefore, the image of a validatory woman was preserved. However, there were introduced two changes in the translated variant. Firstly, deform is defined in the dictionary an instrument of torture, used in the past for punishing and hurt people. Their accouterments and legs were bind to the wooden frame and then pulled in opposite directions, stretchability the body 43, p. 1195. R.Dotsenko apply method of abstract entity and translated rack by hyperonym . Secondly, the translator added , which still doent harm the image, but just expresses the charge of soothe given to the narrator by this hope. The personification was successfully rendered into the target text. The translator mana ged to preserve the image as well as its expressivenes and emotive loading. * butt by butt line by line with a line of business only appreciable at intervals that seemed ages down and still down it came 39, p. 107 * , , , , , , , ? 38,p. 215. The original simile is dwarfish and consists in magnification by way of comparing those relatively long intervals, at which the pendulum descended, to the sizeable span of time which lasts for ages, and in this way conveying onerousness andmoral horrorsof the narrator caused by the go on candidate of long torturing death. R. Dotsenko carry the vehicle of the trope but shifted the tenor of the simile from intervals to . Besides, the translator introduced the ground of the simile expressed by word combination . The structure of translated simile is much more entangled than that of the original trope. The tenor stands separately in the sustain part of the main sentence.The part of the simile which follows a formal ma rker of comparion represents constitutes a mature complex sentence. The original simile, on the contrary, is uncomplicated in structure and forms a part of an separated member of a sentence. Although translated simile is not equivalent to the original one from the vantage point of structure, it is considered to be an adequate translation substitute for the original trope since it recreates emotion of despair go with by hurt suspense. * A deep slumber deplorable upon me a sleep like that of death39, p. 105. * ? , ? 38, p. 213. In the above example the original simile underwent a a few(prenominal) changes in the translation. Firstly, R.Dotsenko eliminates the repeated mentioning of the comparandum instead, the translator adds its characteristic , thereby reservation the ground of the simile explicit. Besides, like that of death was turned into ? . The substitution is adequate, it conveys the message of the author and creates the think emotion of fear which emerges with mentioning all which is associated with death. However, the original simile with implicit ground leaves more office for readers imaging since a range of various characteristics may come to their mind at the same time, thus qualification the original utterance more expressive than translated one. Thus, translating the simile R.Dotsenko replaced the vehicle and explained the similarity feature. though being set(p) and expressage by explicit gro